2022-11-16
1.防水基層施工處理。
家裝室(shi)內(nei)衛生間防水操作面較窄,使用空間不(bu)大(da)。防水施工必須保證基(ji)層地面平整干凈(jing)。清(qing)理(li)浮灰(hui)。如果有(you)(you)灰(hui)塵,涂層無法(fa)與(yu)固體基(ji)底充分粘結,防水涂層有(you)(you)脫落的危險。基(ji)托的處理(li)要(yao)求:基(ji)托不(bu)得(de)有(you)(you)沙(sha)眼或(huo)松動(dong)。如有(you)(you)沙(sha)眼或(huo)松動(dong),必須對基(ji)面進行處理(li),基(ji)面要(yao)光滑、平整、牢固。新的供水管(guan)道(dao)應(ying)固定牢固,回(hui)填后不(bu)得(de)漏出管(guan)道(dao)和有(you)(you)裂縫(feng)。管(guan)根(gen)與(yu)墻面的轉角處應(ying)做成圓弧角,基(ji)層的含(han)水率應(ying)小于(yu)或(huo)等于(yu)9%。
2.防水構造物建筑(zhu)防水(shui)(shui)材(cai)料(liao)(liao),室(shi)內防水(shui)(shui)常用的材(cai)料(liao)(liao)是涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)產品。涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)產品應根據不同時期的涂(tu)(tu)裝方(fang)(fang)法進行施(shi)(shi)工(gong)。第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)道涂(tu)(tu)膜防水(shui)(shui)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)可以(yi)用橡(xiang)皮布刷均勻涂(tu)(tu)刷,厚(hou)度(du)要一(yi)致。平面或立面施(shi)(shi)工(gong)后(hou),防水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)未(wei)固化(hua)前(qian)不宜上(shang)人(ren)踩踏(ta)。涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)過程中(zhong)應留(liu)出退路,涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)可采(cai)用分區后(hou)退法進行。第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)層(ceng)涂(tu)(tu)膜固化(hua)后(hou),第(di)(di)(di)二層(ceng)涂(tu)(tu)膜可以(yi)均勻地涂(tu)(tu)在(zai)其上(shang)。其施(shi)(shi)工(gong)方(fang)(fang)法與第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)層(ceng)涂(tu)(tu)膜相同,但涂(tu)(tu)膜方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)應與第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)層(ceng)涂(tu)(tu)膜方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)垂直。每道涂(tu)(tu)層(ceng)與前(qian)道涂(tu)(tu)層(ceng)的間隔時間由前(qian)道涂(tu)(tu)層(ceng)的固化(hua)程度(du)決定,一(yi)般(ban)不小于(yu)4h。
3.閉水試驗。閉水試驗是檢驗室內防水質量的重要試驗方法。試驗的蓄水深度應不小于20mm,蓄水高度一般為30 ~ 40mm。在蓄水過程中,應保證馬桶最高點以上20mm的要求。蓄水時間不得少于24小時。搬到樓下,觀察樓下屋頂是否漏水。如果沒有漏水,則視為合格。如發現漏水,應立即停止蓄水試驗,重新完善防水層,處理合格后再進行蓄水試驗。
防水保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層(ceng)的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)是一(yi)個非常重要的環(huan)節。防水保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層(ceng)一(yi)般采用20mm厚1: 3水泥砂漿(jiang)。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程中,將(jiang)派駐專職質(zhi)檢(jian)員監督施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong),防水工(gong)(gong)人(ren)穿(chuan)軟鞋,不與防水層(ceng)硬接觸(chu)。砂漿(jiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層(ceng)也通過專門運輸放置(zhi)在(zai)指定(ding)位置(zhi),并放置(zhi)柔性材(cai)料用于施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過渡。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)時應向工(gong)(gong)人(ren)進(jin)行詳細的技(ji)術交底,防水工(gong)(gong)人(ren)不得將(jiang)堅硬的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)具與防水層(ceng)直(zhi)接接觸(chu)。